in 1911 a british scientist called, C.T.R. Wilson was studying cloud formations by tramping up the same mountain everyday. But he thought that there must have been an easier way instead of the daily tramp. So he built an artificial cloud chamber which could cool and moisten the air. it worked well but gave an after affect of leaving a trail while he accelerated an alpha particle making the particle detector or also known as the atom smasher because the accelerated alpha particle would fly into another particle and they would see what came off. Modern "atom smashers" can move particles at a speed to be able to run 47,000 laps around a 7km tunnel! But it is feared that scientists using these machines will create either a black hole or a thing called "strange quarks" which have the potential to uncontrollably explode. In 1980 production begun, for $8 billion to dig a 84km hole into the ground and create a huge "atom smasher" but they ended up only spending $2 billion on the project and only dug 22km deep and abondoned the project because of expenses. Quarks have the potential to explode the universe and the atom smasher is the only way we could create the quarks.
by Oscar
Where was the atom smasher supposed to be built?
ReplyDeleteYou talk about particles having a speed to be able to run 47,000 laps around a 7km tunnel. Is that per second?
ReplyDeleteTo my dearly beloved Oscar, I loved your information on quarks. But I wish you would of gone into slightly more detail. To save you time, I did it for you.
ReplyDeleteA quark (/ˈkwɔrk/ or /ˈkwɑrk/) is an elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter. Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei.[1] Due to a phenomenon known as color confinement, quarks are never directly observed or found in isolation; they can be found only within hadrons, such as baryons (of which protons and neutrons are examples), and mesons.[2][3] For this reason, much of what is known about quarks has been drawn from observations of the hadrons themselves.
Quarks have various intrinsic properties, including electric charge, mass, color charge and spin. Quarks are the only elementary particles in the Standard Model of particle physics to experience all four fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces (electromagnetism, gravitation, strong interaction, and weak interaction), as well as the only known particles whose electric charges are not integer multiples of the elementary charge.
There are six types of quarks, known as flavors: up, down, strange, charm, top, and bottom.[4] Up and down quarks have the lowest masses of all quarks. The heavier quarks rapidly change into up and down quarks through a process of particle decay: the transformation from a higher mass state to a lower mass state. Because of this, up and down quarks are generally stable and the most common in the universe, whereas strange, charm, bottom, and top quarks can only be produced in high energy collisions (such as those involving cosmic rays and in particle accelerators). For every quark flavor there is a corresponding type of antiparticle, known as an antiquark, that differs from the quark only in that some of its properties have equal magnitude but opposite sign.
The quark model was independently proposed by physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig in 1964.[5] Quarks were introduced as parts of an ordering scheme for hadrons, and there was little evidence for their physical existence until deep inelastic scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in 1968.[6][7] Accelerator experiments have provided evidence for all six flavors. The top quark was the last to be discovered at Fermilab in 1995.
Your welcome.