Surveyor

Surveyor

A Surveyor or Land Surveyor is a Scientist who professionally examines the land and buildings. The main idea is to measure the surface of the earth. They work on things such as interpreting the different positions of points, distances and the angles between them in different areas. The points on land they try to find are often used in creating maps and finding boundaries in land ownership. Surveyors can find work in many industries, including engineering, architecture, construction and government.

 Land Surveying tools have been used for almost every construction and plotting of where buildings will go ever since thousands of years ago when ancient Egyptians used tools to plant the Pyramids. Over many years as technology has gotten better, the quality of the instruments people use to find the distance, direction, vertical and horizontal positions, time and astronomical location have advanced a lot.Today the technology people use to find certain points of the earth include machines that have enough memory to record tens of thousands of measurements.

To be a Surveyor you will need a bachelor's degree in surveying, mapping or geomatics. You can achieve these degrees at any of the following University's in New Zealand:

• Otago University
• Massey University

It also helps to be skilled in Maths and Geography while at college.

Botanist

What does a botanist do?

A botanist is a scientist who studies different species and aspects of plant biology such as growing patterns (like how they grow in different conditions), structure (how plants stay up and move with the sun)  and even do experiments on plants to understand many more things about plant biology!

What qualifications do you need to become a botanist?

To become a botanist you need a good all round education including languages, arts, humanities and social scientists in addition to majoring/specialising in plant biology at university, an understanding of full curricular maths mainly in calculus or stats, along with physics and chemistry. To be a qualified botanist you need a minimum of bachelors degree in botany which if succeed first attempt would take around four years to gain.

Where in New Zealand could you get these qualifications?

Otago university has multiple courses to give you the qualifications to become a botanist.

The all new zealand academy offers courses to future botanists.

The university of canterbury offers courses in biology which can help to peoples educations in botany.

what subjects should you take at school and to what level?

To help yourself get a head start in botany from as early as possible take english, a second language, chemistry, biology and mathematics in highschool. at university you should attemp a bachelors degree in botany, a bachelors or masters in plant science, biology or any other closely related subject.

Famous botanists include, George Washington carver and luther burbank who both contributed to the world of botany in various ways.

by Oscar

Zoologist- Trent

Zoologist- Trent

A zoologist is someone who studies the behaviour, origins, genetics, diseases and life progression of animals and wildlife. There are a variety of ways that a zoologist can specialize and there are many diverse jobs in this field. A zoologist may devote their work to the study of a single species, or work with a whole range of different species

Some zoologists work at zoos, participating in the direct care of animals. They will observe them, organize and conduct experimental studies in either controlled or natural surroundings. A zoologist may also help to develop educational materials for zoo staff or visitors. Others work overseeing wildlife reserves, counting animal populations or studying the behaviour of certain animals.

There are many different types of zoologists, identified by the types of species they study. The following are a few examples of those who specialize:

• Mammalogist - One who studies mammals, such as monkeys and elephants
• Herpetologist - One who studies reptiles and amphibians, such as snakes and salamanders
• Entomologist - One who studies insects
• Ichthyologist - One who studies fish
• Ornithologist - One who studies birds

To become a zoologist, you need to have a Bachelor of Science majoring in any of the following subjects:

• zoology
• ecology
• microbiology
• biotechnology
• molecular biology.

These can be attained at Massey University or Otago University.

NCEA Level 3 biology, chemistry, and maths with statistics are necessary. Geography and English are useful subjects when you are at college. 

Geophysicist - Monique Corich-Hermans

GEOPHYSICIST - A geophysicist is someone who studies the earth using gravity, magnetic, and seismic methods. Some geophysicists tend to do most of their work indoors on technology doing modeling and calculations and some go outside and study features of the earth first hand. Geophysicists study the internal structure and the evolution of the earth, earthquakes, and the ocean.

To become a geophysicist you would need to take as many science and maths and earth based sciences as possible at college, like physics, geology, chemistry, and advanced maths, and in university a major in geology or definitely in physics, with a strong background of maths and sciences.

Lots of universities offer graduate degrees in Geophysics, including Victoria University of Wellington, Auckland University, and University of Otago.

Meteorologist

Meteorology is the study of the atmosphere and the cause of the weather. Meteorology has been around for thousands of years dating back when people looked at could formations and the season cycle to predict the weather. Meteorologists predict the weather today by finding the daily high and low temperature, the humidity, air pressure and the speed and what direction the wind is coming from. They then use computer generated maps to track the weather patterns. Meteorologists usually work in: The media (like the news) and transport services like shipping or air. The Word Meteorology has nothing to do with meteors it comes from the Greek word “metéōros” which means “high in the air”.

Qualifications:

To be an Meteorologist you would need a Bachelor in Science and physics as well as : Good problem solving , Writing ( for reports) , communicating and be able to work in a team. Also it requires some geographical skills  .

Microbiologist

Microbiologist study microscopic organisms too small to be seen without a microscope, such as bacteria, viruses, algae or fungi, and the effects they have on plants, animals and humans. They use this knowledge to develop products and procedures to benefit humans or the environment.

To be a Microbiologist you need Bachelor of Science, majoring in microbiology, biotechnology, biochemistry or molecular biology.

To get these qualifications you can study at Auckland University of Technology, University of Otago or Victoria University of wellington.

Will you are at school you should tack biology, math, chemistry and physics. 

Food Science

Food Scientist

What the scientist does

Food Scientists study the nature of foods using engineering, and biological and physical sciences. They also study the causes of deterioration, the principles underlying food processing, and the improvement of foods for the consuming public, such as preserving of foods, etc.

What qualifications and training you would need

To become a food scientist you will need a Bachelor's degree in food science, food technology or food engineering.

Where to gain qualifications

• Otago University
• AUT University
• Auckland University
• Lincoln University

What subjects should you take at school

You should take:

• Biology
• Chemistry
• Physics
• Mathematics
• Food & Nutrition

It would be helpful to take all of the subjects at NCEA level 3 for more of a chance of getting into a university.

By Rebecca

Pharmacist

Pharmacists

Pharmacists prepare, mix and dispense prescribed medicines. They also give patients advice about their medication and medical conditions, and help ensure patients know how to take their medication properly.

To become a pharmacist you need to:

• have a Bachelor of Pharmacy
• complete an internship of one year working in a hospital or community pharmacy
• register with the Pharmacy Council of New Zealand
• have an Annual Practising Certificate, which requires ongoing training.

You can study Pharmacy at Otago and Auckland University with 5 years training.

Secondary education

NCEA Level 3 chemistry, physics, biology and maths is preferred.  

Personal requirements

Pharmacists need to be:

• honest and efficient
• responsible and careful, particularly when dealing with any dangerous drugs they may have on the premises
• able to work within a professional code of ethics and keep information private
• accurate, organised and observant, with an eye for detail
• friendly, patient and helpful, with communication and listening skills
• good researchers
• able to manage and train staff
• good at maths, and have record-keeping skills.

Pharmacists also need to have an understanding and awareness of a variety of cultures.


Lisa

Analytical Chemist.

Analytical Chemist

Analytical chemists examine substances to determine their composition. They also look at how elements in a compound interact with one another. Their work requires information about the make-up and possible interaction of substances that might be turned into medicine.

Analytical Chemistry has been an important area of science since the beginning of chemistry, It provides us with ways of identifying the elements and chemicals that are present in the object or substance in question. Analytical Chemists typically work in laboratories where they operate and maintain machinery such as spectrometers (an apparatus used for recording and measuring spectra, especially as a method of analysis) and Chromatographs (an apparatus for performing chromatography.)

How do you become an Analytical Chemist?
To be an Analytical chemist you usually need a Bachelor's degree in chemistry also have a relevant postgraduate qualification such as Master of Science or a Ph.D.
Take the courses of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry.

Where can you get a Bachelors degree in chemistry?

• Victoria University of Wellington.
• Massey University (Palmerston North)
• Canterbury University
• Otago University (Dunedin)

-Rebecca

1. 
   

Biochemist

Biochemist

Biochemists study the chemical process and transformation on living microorganisms. This includes viruses and bacteria, the chemical function of digestion, vaccines, DNA and cell parts. They use their study to present to scientists, engineers and coworkers to help improve the life of humans through agriculture, medical research and industrial research.

To enter the work force as a biochemist you need either 

- A bachelor of technology specialising in biochemistry

- Bachelor of science

- a bachelor of science and technology 

At college getting NCEA level 3 in chemistry, biology, maths or physics will help at university 

Where to get a bachelor in biochemistry 

-Waikato university

-Otago university

-Auckland university 

Pay for biotechnologists depends on their qualifications and experience.

• Biochemists with Bachelor's degrees working at the technician level usually earn around $35,000-$55,000 a year.
• Those with Master’s degrees usually earn around $55,000-$75,000.
• Senior biochemists, who have PhDs, may earn $76,000-$94,000.
• With more responsibility and experience, pay could rise to about $130,000 a year or more.

(Pay amounts from www.careers.co.nz)

In 2012 there were only 76 biochemists working in New Zealand, the number has been dropped from 87 in 2010

Molecular Biochemist

What is a Molecular Biochemist

The job of a Molecular Biochemist is to study chemical processes within living organisms. This means that they study living creatures on the molecular level.  It is very similar to other kinds of chemistry but they mainly specialise in the study of living cells. They study creatures cell by cell and how the cells react with each other. They study anything that is alive including plants and fungi. They study the proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and other important molecules that make up living organisms. Molecular Biochemists are highly respected in their field of science due to their high knowledge of their

How to Become a Molecular Biochemist

To become a Molecular Biochemist it would help to study Biology, Chemistry and Physics. After that you need to get a Bachelor’s degree in Biology or Biochemistry. After that it would help to get a Masters in Biology or achieve a PHd in a subject of biology. It will take about 7 years to get all of the degrees you need to succeed in this field.

By Luke Walker

Oceanographer

Oceanography covers a wide range of topics, including marine life and ecosystems, ocean circulation, plate tectonics and the geology of the sea floor, and the chemical and physical properties of the ocean.

Generally you will need a Bachelor of Science specializing in oceanography. Most Oceanographers complete a PHD as well.

Where to gain qualifications:

·        University of Otago

·        University of Waikato

·         Victoria  University

·         University of Auckland

Useful subjects to take at College would be:

Physics, chemistry, maths with calculus and/ or statistics, geography and English.

University of Otago recommends students have at least 3 of year 13, Biology, Calculus, Chemistry, Statistics, and Physics.

One of the first places you could look for a job as an Oceanographer would be with NIWA. The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA) is one of New Zealand's leading environmental science and applied research service provider, specialising in atmospheric, freshwater and marine research. They have 15 offices around New Zealand.

Environmental Chemist

Environmental chemists try to understand how chemicals move through the environment and their effects on human health and the environment itself. This is done through field and laboratory work, including measurements, data interpretation and computer modelling.

QUALIFICATIONS:

• To become an entry- level environmental chemist you need a bachelor of science in environmental chemistry or a closely related flied such as organic chemistry.
• To work as a consultant for environmental chemist you require a masters degree in environmental chemistry or a closely related flied.
• If you would like to do research and or have a teaching position  at an university you will need a PhD in environmental chemistry or a closely related flied.

To become an environmental chemist you can study at the following universities:

1. Otago
2. Massey
3. Waikato
4. AUT (Auckland university)
5. Canterbury
6. Victoria

To be able to study environmentel chemistrty at universiry you need to take the following subjects:

• biological sciences
• chemistry
• geography
• geology

Metallurgist

A Metallurgist is a scientist that studies the physical and chemical behaviour of metals, metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. They investigate and examine the performance of these metals and use them to produce a wide range of useful products. There are different areas of metallurgy, like physical (e.g. studying properties and forms of different metals) and chemical (e.g. looking at chemical properties and transformations of metals), but in practice these roles overlap.

Qualifications:

Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Engineering ( in certain areas).
Relevant degree subjects that could help with getting the job are chemical engineering, materials science and physics. Employers also look for qualities like:

• good communication and presentation skills;
• teamworking;
• business awareness;
• problem-solving;
• innovation;
• leadership;
• initiative, drive and enthusiasm;
• numeracy;
• attention to detail;
• ability to focus on results.

You can gain these qualifications in the University of Auckland and the course takes about three or four years to complete. Helpful subjects to take at school are physics and chemistry.

Neurobiologist

What is a Neurobiologist?

A neurologist is a medical doctor or osteopath who has trained in the diagnosis and treatment of nervous system disorders, including diseases of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles.

What qualifications and training will you need?

It usually takes about 14 years of university-level training to become a neurologist in most countries, as well as passing several national-level certification exams. A person has to complete a medical degree, pass national-level tests to get a medical license, and then take an additional three to four-year residency, which consists of specialized training in neurology.

University

At the University of Otago, Neuroscience is available as a major subject of study for the degrees of Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Science with Honours, Master of Science, for the Diploma for Graduates, the Postgraduate Diploma in Science and the Doctor of Philosophy.

Subjects to Take


Biology, Chemistry and pre-med courses.

Kenzie:)

Pharmacologist

Job Description:

Pharmacologists investigate how drugs interact with biological systems. Undertaking in vitro research (using cells or animal tissues) or in vivo research (using whole animals) to predict what effect the drug might have in humans. Pharmacologists aim to understand how drugs operate so they can easily used effectively and safety with no problems. They also conduct research to aid drug discovery and development. Their work involves a high level of collaboration with other scientists.

What it takes:
Pharmacologists must have an advanced degree such as a Ph.D. Students interested in entering the field should take classes in toxicology, chemistry, biology, pharmacology, and microbiology. Pharmacologists must have a strong background in math and science and need to be able to gather, analyze, and understand medical data. Additionally, they should have excellent written and oral communication skills and must be capable of operating medical equipment and other machinery used in research.

Where:

University of Auckland
University of Otago
University of Wellington

Meteorologist

Meteorologist:

Meteorology is the study of the atmosphere and the cause of the weather. Meteorology has been around for thousands of years dating back when people looked at could formations and the season cycle to predict the weather. Meteorologists predict the weather today by finding the daily high and low temperature, the humidity, air pressure and the speed and what direction the wind is coming from. They then use computer generated maps to track the weather patterns. Meteorologists usually work in: The media (like the news) and transport services like shipping or air. The Word Meteorology has nothing to do with meteors it comes from the Greek word “metéōros” which means “high in the air”.

Qualifications:

To be an Meteorologist you usually need a Masters or Doctorate in physics, chemistry, maths, geography and meteorology as well as: Good problem solving , Writing ( for reports) , communicating and be able to work in a team. Also it requires some geographical skills. 3-6 years of training is required. If you wanted to work at Met service you would just need a bachelor of science and maths or physics.

You can get these qualifications at:

Victoria University of wellington is the only university that does a masters degree in Meteorology.

Also you can work or get experience at NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research) they pretty much do  everything to do with environment.

Marine Biologist

Marine Biology

Is the scientific study of plants and animals. Marine biologist study vast amounts of sea life from inspecting tiny plankton under a microscope to observing a one hundred foot long whales. Marine biologist even look at many different plants under water to see how they survive and break down.  They also inspect if they could be used in human survival. Research with these orgasms include how they adapt to the salt water environment and how they interact with other organisms. Marine biologists work in different areas which revolve around different jobs.

Where they could work and what they do-

Marine biologists can work in the ocean, salt marshes, beaches, estuary’s, aquariums, zoos, universities and colleges. Marine biologist can also work for private businesses or non-profit organisations. Marine biologists that work in aquariums and zoos work with animals such as Whales, Dolphins and Pinnipeds which are a kind of animal that are fin footed or have wings such as seals. They scuba dive and collect animals that they bring them back to aquariums or zoos and observe and care for them. Some Marine biologists work in laboratories where they study and examine organisms such as sponges and research them for compounds that could be used in medicine. Other look at tiny creatures where they examine them and sequence their DNA (determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule).  Other biologists work in the ocean where the study the behaviour of a marine species and the best way to raise animals such as Oysters and Mussels in an aquaculture environment.

What qualifications and training you would need to become a Marine biologists?

Qualifications and knowledge you need-

To become a Marine biologist you must have an understanding and skills in subjects such as chemistry, biology, geology, physics and ecology. Entry-level jobs in Marine biology need a Bachelor degree in biology. A marine biology Ph.D. is needed for most of the marine biology specific careers in independent research and college level teaching.

Training-

Some marine biologist offer training for people at young ages. They offer summer camps at marine biology and study centres from age twelve up. They offer summer programs for colleges where they teach students sailing, scuba diving and marine explorations. You can also do volunteer work in aquariums to gain experience working with marine life in the display tanks. Internships are also available when you get to college. Many internships focus on studies and research.

Subjects you should take in college

If you’d like to become a Marine biologist then you need to have a general understanding in maths, science and computers. Subjects you should take are Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Calculus, general maths and science and digital tech. You would need to take maths and science to year thirteen and then carry on with them to university because they are the most important subjects.

Where in NZ can you receive training and qualifications?

Victoria University Wellington marine biology

University of Otago marine science

Marine science university of Auckland

AUT University (Auckland University of technology) marine science    

Welcome

Welcome to our class blog for Mr Monk's 10 Science class 2015.  We will be using this space to publish blog posts about chapters we have read in Bill Bryson's A Short History of Nearly Everything and science careers that we have researched.  Make sure that you read the blog posts that other members of the class publish. You may also want to make comments or ask questions about posts. Keep an eye on posts that you have published in case there are questions for you to answer.

Give your blog post a title in the following format: Bill Bryson Chapter 1 - How to Build a Universe; Science Careers - Entomologist.  For Bill Bryson posts use the label 'Bill Bryson' and for science careers posts use the label 'Science Careers'.

Happy reading, researching and blogging.

Ecologist

An ecologist is a scientist that works with ecosystems as a whole. There are lots of types of ecologists ranging from marine (oceans) to terrestrial (land). Common things ecologists do no matter where they work are: surveys, classifying organisms, habitat construction and organization, researching, and can sometimes teach.

To become an ecologist in New Zealand you need one year studying: Cellular Biology and Biochemistry, Ecology Evolution and Conservation, Diversity of life, and Introductory Statistics. If you want an endorsement in ecology then in your next year you need to take: Ecology, Evolution, and Introduction to Biological Data Analysis. You can get these qualifications at the following universities Victoria, Otago, Auckland, Canterbury, and Massey.

Some subjects recommended for school are Biology, Statistics, and Calculus. Chemistry and knowledge in geography or earth science can be appreciated. Also satisfactory English skills are a must